Bio 1100 Exam I
Review
Chapters 1-5
Instructor: Gary
Bulla, Ph.D.
9/7/05 update
Chapter 1- Themes
- Understand the concept
of emergent properties- From Atom to molecule to cell to organisms to population to community to ecosystem
- Novel (and unexpected
) properties arise at each step
- Understand reductionism
( an advantage and a disadvantage)
- Know the cell theory
- Contrast prokaryotic
and eukaryotic cells
- Understand the role of
DNA in inheritance
- Understand positive and
negative feedback to achieve homeostasis
- Know the three domains
of life
- Know the kingdoms of Eukarya
- Know Darwin’s tenets and
understand natural selection
- Know the scientific
theory
- Howe does science differ from other styles of inquiry?
Chapter 2- Chemical bonds
Know
- Terms: Matter, element,
compound
- Components of an atom
as well as charge and mass of each
- Atomic number vs atomic weight
- Isotopes and
radioactivity
- Relative energies of
electron shells
- Valence shells
- Valence electrons and
relative reactivity
- Relative strengths of
bonds (e.g. covalent vs ionic)
- Nonploar vs. polar bonds
- Electronegativity
- Ionic bonds (ions, cations and anions)
- Hydrogen bonding
- Vander Der Waal interactions
- Reactant and product in
reactions (and “balance”)
Chapter 3- Water
o
Understand the “single polar covalent” nature of water
o
Understand the following terms and know what forces are at play:
cohesion, adhesion, surface tension
o
Understand how water stabilizes the earth temperature
o
Understand the concept of evaporative cooling
o
Know how to calculate a mole of a substance, and the molarity of a solution
o
Understand the concept of pH units
o
Know what makes a molecule an acid (or weak acid) instead of a base
Chapter 4- Carbon
o
Understand tetravalence of Carbon atoms
o
Know terms- hydrocarbons, fats, isomers
o
Understand the significance of “functional groups”
o
Know names and structure of six major functional groups as well as
compound names
o
Know whether functional groups make molecules more or less polar and more or less hydrophilic.
Chapter 5- Macromolecules
Know:
- dehyration and rehydration reactions in polymer formation
- terms: mono-, di- and poly-sachharide
- properties and function
of monosaccharides
- basic structure of starch and cellulose
- role of hydrogen bonding
in polymer interaction
- the components of a fat
molecule
- Saturated vs.
unsaturated fats (and which are
potentially harmful)
- phospholipid structure
- micelle and phospholipid bilayer
structure
- the four components of
an amino acid
- a polar vs. nonpolar R group
(and an acidic vs. basic R group)
- the four levels of
protein structure and characteristics of each
- protein chaperone
function
- one gene, one RNA one protein concept
- the three components of
nucleic acids
- The differences between
DNA and RNA
- The nature of a phosphodiester link
- Base pairing rules